Actividad física y calidad de vida de las personas mayores que participan en programas de extensión universidad durante la pandemia covid-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5965/259464120802e91105Palabras clave:
actividad física, pandemia de COVID-19, anciano, extensión comunitariaResumen
Objetivo: Investigar la asociación entre la autopercepción del nivel de actividad física y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (HRQoL) en adultos mayores brasileños durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio transversal que involucró a 274 adultos mayores de programas de extensión de universidades públicas en el sur de Brasil. El nivel de actividad física (NAF) se evaluó mediante la autopercepción del adulto mayor, utilizando la pregunta "¿Cómo evalúa su nivel de actividad física durante la pandemia?". La HRQoL se evaluó mediante el cuestionario de 12 ítems sobre salud. Los datos se analizaron mediante el análisis de varianza unidireccional y la regresión logística múltiple (p < 0,05). Resultados: La edad media de los adultos mayores fue de 71,2 ± 6,33 años, con 244 mujeres y 30 hombres. Los resultados indicaron que los adultos mayores activos, según su autopercepción del NAF, obtuvieron puntajes más altos en todos los componentes y dominios de la HRQoL en comparación con los adultos mayores que se autodefinieron como insuficientemente activos o inactivos (p < 0,001). En la regresión logística, el modelo ajustado identificó que los adultos mayores insuficientemente activos tenían una mayor probabilidad de presentar una HRQoL reducida en todos los componentes (p < 0,001). En cuanto a los dominios, estos adultos mayores tenían 4,44 (IC95%: 2,47-7,99) y 4,84 (IC95%: 2,51-8,02) veces más probabilidades de tener un dominio físico y un dominio mental reducidos, respectivamente. Conclusión: Las personas mayores que se consideraban físicamente activas durante la pandemia de COVID-19 tienen una mejor calidad de vida en comparación con aquellas que se perciben a sí mismas como insuficientemente activas o inactivas. Además, las personas mayores que se consideran insuficientemente activas o físicamente inactivas tenían más probabilidades de tener una calidad de vida reducida durante el período de aislamiento social. Demostrando el impacto del nivel de actividad física en la calidad de vida de esta población durante la pandemia de Covid-19. Esto denota la importancia de estos programas de extensión para la calidad de vida de esta población y el sesgo social de las Universidades dado su potencial para promover la salud comunitaria.
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