Alelopatia da ervilha-forrageira no milho em sistema de plantio direto
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5965/223811712332024395Palavras-chave:
Aleloquimicos, Plantas de cobertura, Zea mays L., Pisum sativum L. ssp. arvenseResumo
The cover crop selection for the no-tillage system generally does not consider the possible allelopathic effects between species. This study identified and quantified the allelochemicals released by garden pea (Pisum sativum L. ssp. arvense (L.) Poir.) as a cover crop, at different sowing densities (0; 27.5; 55; 82.5 kg ha-1) and decomposition times (7, 21 and 35 days) before sowing corn (Zea mays). Soil allelochemicals were identified and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The variables emergence, emergence speed index (ESI), chlorophyll a and b, leaf area, and dry mass were assessed in corn aboveground. There was an increase in catechin with corn cultivation. Epicatechin was identified after corn was sown 21 and 35 days after cutting the garden pea. Resveratrol was associated with the decomposition of the cover crop and was identified when the corn was sown seven days after it was cut. Emergence, ESI, and leaf area were higher in corn sown 21 and 35 days after cutting the garden pea, a period in which epicatechin was found. The use of garden pea increased corn chlorophyll a and b. Dry mass production was higher in corn sown seven and 35 days after cutting the garden pea. Garden pea followed by corn in a no-tillage system increases the soil levels of catechin, epicatechin, and resveratrol. The use of garden pea increases chlorophyll levels in corn compared to the control (without the cover crop) and increases the leaf area of the corn when sown seven days after cutting the P. sativum (82.5 kg ha-1).
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