Efeitos da poluição urbana nos parâmetros hematológicos e na capacidade defensiva da truta-arco-íris do Rio Chalhuanca
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5965/223811712342024642Palavras-chave:
Antropogênico, salmão, estresseResumo
A truta arco-íris é essencial na dieta andina, especialmente em comunidades onde a qualidade da água é fundamental para a sua saúde e crescimento. Nossa pesquisa se concentra em como as condições ambientais do rio Chalhuanca afetam a saúde física, o estresse crônico e a capacidade imunológica da truta arco-íris, e qual é a relação desses efeitos com a segurança alimentar nas comunidades locais. Foram examinadas trutas juvenis do rio Chalhuanca, coletando 36 amostras em três pontos: antes de Cotaruse, depois de Caraibamba e passando por Chalhuanca. Os peixes foram medidos, pesados e amostras de sangue foram coletadas para avaliar componentes como glóbulos vermelhos, brancos, hemoglobina, hematócrito, glicose e cortisol. Também foi analisada a capacidade dos peixes de combater a bactéria E. coli e foram medidos parâmetros físico-químicos e microbiológicos da água. Os resultados mostraram diferenças significativas na saúde das trutas entre as áreas. As trutas de Chalhuanca apresentaram pior condição corporal e anemia microcítica hipocrômica (hemoglobina: 6.1 g/dL, hematócrito: 29%). Além disso, observou-se uma alta proporção de estresse crônico nesta área. A qualidade da água também mostrou variações, com maiores concentrações de coliformes fecais (1200 UFC/100 mL) e menores níveis de oxigênio dissolvido (4.5 mg/L) em Chalhuanca, indicando um maior grau de contaminação.
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