Primeira confirmação de genotipagem de Pichia kudriavzevii em vacas com mastite subclínica no Iraque
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5965/223811712332024417Palavras-chave:
mastite micótica, infecção fúngica bovina, Candida Krusei, PCR convencional, análise de sequenciamentoResumo
Os patógenos fúngicos existem obviamente no meio ambiente; portanto, os animais podem atuar como fonte de infecção para os humanos. Pichia kudriavzeviiis é um fungo onipresente que merece grande atenção devido ao seu potencial uso em biotecnologia e processamento de alimentos, além de segurança controversa. Este estudo tem como objetivo determinar a taxa de incidência de mastite subclínica em vacas em lactação, e demonstrar a presença de Pichia kudriavzevii no leite de vacas positivamente mastíticas utilizando a filogenia molecular. No total, 400 vacas adultas em lactação foram submetidas à coleta de aproximadamente 50 ml de leite fresco que foi testado inicialmente com o teste de mastite Califórnia (CMT); e então, amostras positivas foram testadas molecularmente usando reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) convencional. Algumas amostras molecularmente positivas foram analisadas filogeneticamente para confirmação de isolados locais no Centro Nacional de Informações sobre Biotecnologia (NCBI). Um total de 54.25% dos casos foram reagidos positivamente pela CMT. De acordo com o escore de positividade, 83.87%, 11.98% e 4.15% apresentaram infecções positivas fracas, distintas e fortes, respectivamente. Visando a região ITS, 28,11% das amostras reagiram positivamente a P. kudriavzevii a 278 pb. A análise filogenética de oito isolados locais de P. kudriavzevii mostrou semelhança e substituições no alinhamento de nucleotídeos. A análise da árvore filogenética revelou que os isolados locais de P. kudriavzevii mostraram uma identidade genética com os isolados NCI-BLAST de P. kudriavzevii México (KY646192.1) com alterações genéticas totais variando de 0,0035-0,005%. Em conclusão, isto representa o primeiro estudo filogenético molecular no Iraque que confirmou a presença de P. kudriavzevii emleite de vacas com mastite subclínica. Os inquéritos a nível nacional são úteis no monitoramento da saúde do úbere, no estudo do impacto das mudanças estruturais e na estimativa do(s) factor(es) que contribuem para a incidência da doença e o papel dos diferentes fungos.
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