Melissopalynological and chemical analyses of propolis from Scaptotrigona nigrohirta Nogueira & Santos-Silva, 2022 (Apidae - Meliponini) in the region of the lower Amazonas River

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5965/223811712412025144

Keywords:

Bees, Fabaceae, pollen grains, Triterpenes

Abstract

The chemical composition of propolis is highly variable and complex and is related to the phytogeography of a region. Therefore, the ecology of the local flora is directly related to its chemical composition. The aim of this study was to identify the pollen types and chemical substances of hexane extracts present in the propolis of Scaptotrigona nigrohirta from a meliponary in Santarém, Pará state, in the region of the lower Amazonas River, in order to obtain data that can be used for the sustainable conservation of the bee species and flora in this Amazonian region. We analyzed, palinological analysis of 11 propolis samples collected from the meliponary and chemically only two (wet and dry season). For the melissopalynology, propolis was diluted in acetone and then applied to acetolysis. For a chemical evaluation were obtained hexane extracts from propolis samples April and August 2018 and analysis by gas chromatography coupled mass spectrometry. A multivariate analysis was performed with the pollen and chemical data. Seventy-seven pollen types were found, defining the propolis as heterofloral, with the families Fabaceae, Anacardiaceae and Myrtaceae being the most significant in the pollen spectrum of the samples. The most frequent species were: Copaifera martii, Eugenia brasiliensis, Mitracarpus strigosus, Protium heptaphyllum and Tamarindus indica. The hexane extracts of propolis had a 35.75% yield. Sixteen compounds were found and cycloartenol, lupeol acetate and lupenone were identified as major constituents.

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Published

12-08-2025

How to Cite

OLIVEIRA, Ana Beatriz Fonseca de; SOUSA, Erlison Silva; SANTOS, Graciene Conceição dos; CASTRO, Kelly Christina Ferreira; ABREU, Vanessa Holanda Righetti de. Melissopalynological and chemical analyses of propolis from Scaptotrigona nigrohirta Nogueira & Santos-Silva, 2022 (Apidae - Meliponini) in the region of the lower Amazonas River. Revista de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Lages, v. 24, n. 1, p. 144–166, 2025. DOI: 10.5965/223811712412025144. Disponível em: https://revistas.udesc.br/index.php/agroveterinaria/article/view/26126. Acesso em: 5 sep. 2025.

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Research Article - Multisections and Related Areas

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