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Uma ética da ausência: um estudo sobre a categoria
pobreza
nas pesquisas em Artes Cênicas brasileiras
Gilberto Icle
Florianópolis, v.2, n.47, p.1-26, jul. 2023
[...] o que você encontra na favela carioca. É o que você encontra no meio
das populações que vivem no semiárido brasileiro. É a mesma coisa que
você encontra, em geral, nas camadas mais pobres da população. O fato
de que você vive em condições que qualquer um de nós, da classe média
para cima, consideraria materialmente intoleráveis. Mas isso não os torna
seres desesperados, tristes, melancólicos, etc. Muito pelo contrário. É
claro que eu não estou falando de situações dramáticas, de gente
morrendo de fome. Isso aí não há ninguém que aguente. Mas, se você
perguntar para o índio, ele vai dizer: estamos todos fritos, um dia o mundo
vai acabar caindo na nossa cabeça, mas isso não impede que você se
distraia, que se divirta, que ria um pouco dessa condição meio patética
que é a de todo ser humano, em que ele vive como se fosse imortal e ao
mesmo tempo sabe que vai morrer. Os índios não acham que o futuro
vai ser melhor do que o presente, como nós, e, portanto, não se
desesperam porque o futuro não vai ser melhor do que o presente, como
a gente está descobrindo. Eles acham que o futuro vai ser ou igual ou
pior do que agora, mas isso não impede que eles considerem isso com
pessimismo alegre, que é o contrário do otimismo desencantado, que é
um pouco o nosso. Do tipo estamos mal, mas vai dar tudo certo, a
tecnologia vai nos salvar, ou o homem vai finalmente chegar ao
socialismo. Os índios acham que tudo vai para as cucuias, mesmo. Mas
isso não lhes tira o sono, porque viver é uma coisa que você tem que
fazer de minuto a minuto, tem que viver o presente (Viveiros de Castro,
2014, n/p.).
O autor delimita que o sujeito que pratica o pessimismo alegre possui a plena
compreensão do fim do mundo que está instaurado, inclusive, ele pressupõe que
a situação continuará a se agravar, porém essa consciência é transmutada em um
modo de vida que ainda diante de tudo isso encontra alegria na vida. É abraçar a
situação de que nada mais pode ser projetado para um futuro melhor, então só
nos resta lidar com essa certeza, colocando-a como algo que precisa ser
contestado para que possamos existir hoje.
Muitos de nós, diante da realidade do fim do mundo, concebemos um
desespero e uma melancolia e isso pode ocasionar em uma projeção distante do
momento presente, em que teríamos em destaque somente a incerteza do que
ainda virá. Então, estaríamos apenas prorrogando uma atitude diante do fim, como
se disséssemos: “Não posso pensar nisso. Se eu pensar nisso, como é que eu vou
dar conta? Então é melhor não pensar” (Viveiros de Castro, 2014, n/p.).
Para muitos, pensar no pior das coisas, no fim do mundo, pode ser uma
atitude derrotista, e isso significaria aceitar o nosso fracasso. Para usarmos uma
expressão popular, seria quase como “jogar a toalha”. Significaria admitir que, se a